বৃহস্পতিবার, ৩১ অক্টোবর, ২০১৩

Concerns raised about security of health website

Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius gestures while testifying on Capitol Hill in Washington, Wednesday, Oct. 30, 2013, before the House Energy and Commerce Committee hearing on the difficulties plaguing the implementation of the Affordable Care Act. The Obama Administration claims the botched rollout was the result of contractors failing to live up to expectations – not bad management at HHS. As the public face of President Barack Obama's signature health care program, Sec. Sebelius has become the target for attacks over its botched rollout with Republicans, and even some Democrats, calling for her to resign. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite)







Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius gestures while testifying on Capitol Hill in Washington, Wednesday, Oct. 30, 2013, before the House Energy and Commerce Committee hearing on the difficulties plaguing the implementation of the Affordable Care Act. The Obama Administration claims the botched rollout was the result of contractors failing to live up to expectations – not bad management at HHS. As the public face of President Barack Obama's signature health care program, Sec. Sebelius has become the target for attacks over its botched rollout with Republicans, and even some Democrats, calling for her to resign. (AP Photo/J. Scott Applewhite)







Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius is surrounded by photographers on Capitol Hill in Washington, Wednesday, Oct. 30, 2013, prior to testifying before the House Energy and Commerce Committee hearing on the difficulties plaguing the implementation of the Affordable Care Act. Sebelius, President Barack Obama's top health official faced tough questioning by a congressional committee Wednesday that will demand she explain how the administration stumbled so badly in its crippled online launch of the president's health care overhaul. (AP Photo/ Evan Vucci)







Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius is sworn in on Capitol Hill in Washington, Wednesday, Oct. 30, 2013, by House Energy and Commerce Committee Chairman Rep. Fred Upton, R-Mich., prior to testifying before the committee's hearing on the difficulties plaguing the implementation of the Affordable Care Act. Sebelius, President Barack Obama's top health official faced tough questioning by a congressional committee Wednesday that will demand she explain how the administration stumbled so badly in its crippled online launch of the president's health care overhaul. (AP Photo/ Evan Vucci)







Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius is sworn in on Capitol Hill in Washington, Wednesday, Oct. 30, 2013, prior to testifying before the House Energy and Commerce Committee hearing on the difficulties plaguing the implementation of the Affordable Care Act. President Barack Obama's top health official faced tough questioning by a congressional committee Wednesday that will demand she explain how the administration stumbled so badly in its crippled online launch of the president's health care overhaul. (AP Photo/ J. Scott Applewhite)







(AP) — Defending President Barack Obama's much-maligned health care overhaul in Congress, his top health official was confronted Wednesday with a government memo raising new security concerns about the trouble-prone website that consumers are using to enroll.

The document, obtained by The Associated Press, shows that administration officials at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services were concerned that a lack of testing posed a potentially "high" security risk for the HealthCare.gov website serving 36 states. It was granted a temporary security certificate so it could operate.

Security issues are a new concern for the troubled HealthCare.gov website. If they cannot be resolved, they could prove to be more serious than the long list of technical problems the administration is trying to address.

"You accepted a risk on behalf of every user...that put their personal financial information at risk," Rep. Mike Rogers, R-Mich., told Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius during questioning before the House Energy and Commerce Committee. "Amazon would never do this. ProFlowers would never do this. Kayak would never do this. This is completely an unacceptable level of security."

Sebelius countered that the system is secure, even though the site has a temporary certificate, known in government parlance as an "authority to operate." Sebelius said a permanent certificate will only be issued once all security issues are addressed.

Added spokeswoman Joanne Peters: "When consumers fill out their online...applications, they can trust that the information they're providing is protected by stringent security standards and that the technology underlying the application process has been tested and is secure. Security testing happens on an ongoing basis using industry best practices."

A security certificate is required before any government computer system can process, store or transmit agency data. Temporary certificates are allowable, but under specific circumstances.

Earlier, the secretary said she's responsible for the "debacle" of cascading problems that overwhelmed the government website intended to make shopping for health insurance clear and simple.

"Hold me accountable for the debacle," Sebelius said during a contentious hearing. "I'm responsible."

Sebelius is promising to have the problems fixed by Nov. 30, even as Republicans opposed to Obama's health care law are calling in chorus for her resignation. She told the committee that the technical issues that led to frozen screens and error messages are being cleared up on a daily basis.

Addressing consumers, Sebelius added, "So let me say directly to these Americans, you deserve better. I apologize."

The Sept. 27 memo to Medicare chief Marylin Tavenner said a website contractor wasn't able to test all the security controls in one complete version of the system.

"From a security perspective, the aspects of the system that were not tested due to the ongoing development, exposed a level of uncertainty that can be deemed as a high risk for the (website)," the memo said.

It recommended setting up a security team to address risks, conduct daily tests, and a full security test within two to three months of going live.

HealthCare.gov was intended to be the online gateway to coverage for millions of uninsured Americans, as well those who purchase their policies individually. Many people in the latter group will have to get new insurance next year, because their policies do not meet the standards of the new law.

Sebelius' forthright statement about her ultimate accountability came as she was being peppered with questions by Rep. Marsha Blackburn, R-Tenn., about who was responsible. It was Blackburn who introduced the term "debacle."

Rep. Henry Waxman of California, the ranking Democrat on the committee, scoffed at Republican "oversight" of a law they have repeatedly tried to repeal.

"I would urge my colleagues to stop hyperventilating," said Waxman. "The problems with HealthCare.gov are unfortunate and we should investigate them, but they will be fixed. And then every American will have -- finally have access to affordable health insurance."

Throughout the hearing, Sebelius was respectful and poised, often addressing lawmakers as "sir" or "congresswoman." She kept her cool as some lawmakers repeatedly cut off her answers. But she did not shy a few times from tersely interjecting her views while a member was speaking.

The standing-room-only hearing room was silent when she swore an oath to tell the truth and began her statement. "I apologize," she told the rapt committee.

Sebelius faced questions about problems with the website as well as a wave of cancellation notices hitting individuals and small businesses who buy their own insurance.

Lawmakers also want to know how many people have enrolled in plans through the health exchanges, a number the Obama administration has so far refused to divulge, instead promising to release it in mid-November.

On Tuesday, Medicare chief Marilyn Tavenner was questioned for nearly three hours by members of the House Ways and Means Committee who wanted to know why so many of their constituents were getting cancellation notices from their insurance companies.

The cancellations problem goes to one of Obama's earliest promises about the health law: You can keep your plan if you like it. The promise dates back to June 2009, when Congress was starting to grapple with overhauling the health care system to cover uninsured Americans.

As early as last spring, state insurance commissioners started giving insurers the option of canceling existing individual plans for 2014, because the coverage required under Obama's law is significantly more robust. Some states directed insurers to issue cancellations. Large employer plans that cover most workers and their families are unlikely to be affected.

The law includes a complicated "grandfathering" system to try to make good on Obama's pledge. It shields plans from the law's requirements provided the plans themselves change very little. Insurers say it has proven impractical. The cancellation notices are now reaching policyholders.

Tavenner blamed insurance companies for cancelling the policies and said most people who lose coverage will be able to find better replacement plans in the health insurance exchanges, in some cases for less money.

Associated PressSource: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2013-10-30-Health%20Overhaul-Problems/id-463dace01eff4c5b858b7cf28ec8b5d4
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Frank Marshall on 'Destroyed Friendship' With Lance Armstrong



Courtesy of Frank Marshall


From left: Damon, in 2003 on the set of "The Bourne Supremacy," was set to star in a biopic of Armstrong, produced by Marshall.





This story first appeared in the Nov. 8 issue of The Hollywood Reporter magazine.


Producers Frank Marshall and Matt Tolmach knew they wanted a strong director for what was to be an inspirational documentary about Lance Armstrong's comeback to compete in the 2009 Tour de France. But after they hired Alex Gibney, who won an Oscar for his 2007 doc Taxi to the Dark Side, they found themselves engaged in a struggle with their chosen filmmaker.


Gibney had signed on hoping the project, Lance Armstrong: The Road Back, would be a pleasant respite from his previous explorations of topics like sexual abuse in the Catholic Church. But well before the reality of Armstrong's doping was confirmed, Gibney began to see the cyclist through an increasingly dark lens. "I kept leaning on [the doping] issue in ways that Frank and Matt felt were too out of step with the film we were making," Gibney tells THR. "They were saying, 'How come we're spending so much time on this old story when there's so much material about the Tour?' "


PHOTOS: THR's Sports Issue: Exclusive Portraits of the Dodgers' Yasiel Puig, Olympian Lindsey Vonn 


Marshall was zealously protective of longtime friend Armstrong, whom he met at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. Tolmach, who is such a "weekend warrior" cyclist that he shaves his legs, was a bit more skeptical but had responded with enthusiasm years earlier when Marshall approached him with a pitch for a biopic based on Armstrong's 2000 book It's Not About the Bike. At the time, Tolmach was president of Columbia Pictures, and the studio developed the feature idea with Matt Damon at one point set to play the lead. But by fall 2008, Marshall and Tolmach agreed instead to make a documentary chronicling Armstrong's comeback bid. (Tolmach transitioned to being a producer on the project after he exited his job at Columbia in October 2010. Damon was set to narrate.)


Gibney insisted at the start that the film would acknowledge the prevalent but still-unproved allegations against Armstrong. But as he immersed himself in the cyclist's world, he came to feel the doping angle deserved much more than a nod.


STORY: Toronto: Filmmaker Alex Gibney Says Lance Armstrong Is Still Lying 


The conflict came to a climax Nov. 21, 2010, as Tolmach and Marshall sat with Gibney in an editing room on the Sony lot. "There were raised voices," allows Tolmach. Gibney says he didn't explicitly threaten to take his name off the film, though he considered it. "I said: 'You guys own the movie; you can do what you want. You don't need me for that.' " Tolmach says the message was clear: "It was, 'If this is an Alex Gibney movie, this is what it's going to say.' "


As more facts about Armstrong doping became public, the story changed so much that the documentary -- a seven-figure project that was ready for release -- was shelved. Gibney then returned to the story to create the version heading to theaters Nov. 8, titled The Armstrong Lie. The impact of the revelations on Marshall's relationship with Armstrong was inevitable. "It essentially destroyed my friendship," he says. "There's nothing left. I mean, we're cordial, but the friendship is really over."


PHOTO: First Look: Ben Foster as Lance Armstrong in Stephen Frears' Biopic


Marshall says Armstrong has not seen the film, but his reps saw it in Denver after the Telluride Film Festival. "It was two hours of agony for me," says Marshall, who is a friend of Armstrong's attorney and agent, Bill Stapleton. "Because they couldn't deny any of it. … They just sat there and took it and watched this epic downfall." It's clear the loss is painful for Marshall. "I believed a beautiful lie," he adds. "It was the greatest sports story ever, the greatest human story ever -- and I wanted to believe."


Source: http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/thr/news/~3/HDauueqgg_g/lance-armstrong-frank-marshall-destroyed-651486
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Public insurance fills the health coverage gap, new UCLA analysis shows

Public insurance fills the health coverage gap, new UCLA analysis shows


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30-Oct-2013



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Contact: Gwen Driscoll
gdriscoll@ucla.edu
310-794-0930
University of California - Los Angeles





In the years leading up to implementation of the Affordable Care Act, the percentage of Californians who received their health insurance through public programs continued to rise, likely in direct response to the loss of job-based coverage in the state, according to a new analysis by the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research.


The data for the analysis, collected in 2012 by the California Health Interview Survey, represents the most recent comprehensive statewide source of information on health insurance trends. The fact sheet was funded by The California Endowment and The California Wellness Foundation.


According to the analysis, the percentage of non-elderly state residents receiving health insurance through an employer dipped just below 50 percent in 2011 and remained there in 2012 a 6 percentage-point decrease since 2001.


Public programs, such as Medi-Cal and Healthy Families, insured nearly 20 percent of Californians in 2012, a 3 percentage-point increase since 2009 and a 5 percentage-point increase since 2001.


"In effect, public programs have stepped in as employers have stepped out," said Shana Alex Lavarreda, the center's director of health insurance studies and the lead author on the fact sheet. "The data refutes any lingering arguments that employer-based insurance is the solution to our health care coverage crisis."


Jobs that are returning to the state after the Great Recession seem to lack affordable health insurance benefits, depriving workers of a major source of coverage. From 2009 to 2012, the proportion of Californians with employment-based insurance dropped from 52.1 percent to 49.5 percent. With the recent economic recovery, unemployment rates in California have declined, from 20 percent in 2009 to 9.8 percent in 2012. Still, the rate of job-based health insurance has remained below 50 percent of the non-elderly population rather than exhibiting a similar recovery.


"The steady decline in employer-based health coverage affirms the need for Obamacare," said Dr. Robert K. Ross, president and CEO of The California Endowment. "For the first time in history, health coverage is within the reach of many more Californians who aren't covered by job-based health insurance."


"These data make it clear that many Californian families are still struggling financially and will need to access low- or no-cost health coverage," said Colburn S. Wilbur, interim president and CEO of The California Wellness Foundation. "The state's Covered California online marketplace makes it easy to apply for coverage whether through a public plan like Medi-Cal or one of the private insurance programs offered."

###


Read the fact sheet: "Before Health Reform Expansion, Public Programs Already Covered One in Five Nonelderly Californians in 2012."



The California Endowment, a private, statewide health foundation, was established in 1996 to expand access to affordable, quality health care for underserved individuals and communities and to promote fundamental improvements in the health status of all Californians.


The California Wellness Foundation's mission is to improve the health of the people of California by making grants for health promotion, wellness education and disease prevention.


The California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) is the nation's largest state health survey and one of the largest health surveys in the United States.


The UCLA Center for Health Policy Research is one of the nation's leading health policy research centers and the premier source of health-related information on Californians.


For more news, visit the UCLA Newsroom and follow us on Twitter.




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Public insurance fills the health coverage gap, new UCLA analysis shows


[ Back to EurekAlert! ]

PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:

30-Oct-2013



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]


Share Share

Contact: Gwen Driscoll
gdriscoll@ucla.edu
310-794-0930
University of California - Los Angeles





In the years leading up to implementation of the Affordable Care Act, the percentage of Californians who received their health insurance through public programs continued to rise, likely in direct response to the loss of job-based coverage in the state, according to a new analysis by the UCLA Center for Health Policy Research.


The data for the analysis, collected in 2012 by the California Health Interview Survey, represents the most recent comprehensive statewide source of information on health insurance trends. The fact sheet was funded by The California Endowment and The California Wellness Foundation.


According to the analysis, the percentage of non-elderly state residents receiving health insurance through an employer dipped just below 50 percent in 2011 and remained there in 2012 a 6 percentage-point decrease since 2001.


Public programs, such as Medi-Cal and Healthy Families, insured nearly 20 percent of Californians in 2012, a 3 percentage-point increase since 2009 and a 5 percentage-point increase since 2001.


"In effect, public programs have stepped in as employers have stepped out," said Shana Alex Lavarreda, the center's director of health insurance studies and the lead author on the fact sheet. "The data refutes any lingering arguments that employer-based insurance is the solution to our health care coverage crisis."


Jobs that are returning to the state after the Great Recession seem to lack affordable health insurance benefits, depriving workers of a major source of coverage. From 2009 to 2012, the proportion of Californians with employment-based insurance dropped from 52.1 percent to 49.5 percent. With the recent economic recovery, unemployment rates in California have declined, from 20 percent in 2009 to 9.8 percent in 2012. Still, the rate of job-based health insurance has remained below 50 percent of the non-elderly population rather than exhibiting a similar recovery.


"The steady decline in employer-based health coverage affirms the need for Obamacare," said Dr. Robert K. Ross, president and CEO of The California Endowment. "For the first time in history, health coverage is within the reach of many more Californians who aren't covered by job-based health insurance."


"These data make it clear that many Californian families are still struggling financially and will need to access low- or no-cost health coverage," said Colburn S. Wilbur, interim president and CEO of The California Wellness Foundation. "The state's Covered California online marketplace makes it easy to apply for coverage whether through a public plan like Medi-Cal or one of the private insurance programs offered."

###


Read the fact sheet: "Before Health Reform Expansion, Public Programs Already Covered One in Five Nonelderly Californians in 2012."



The California Endowment, a private, statewide health foundation, was established in 1996 to expand access to affordable, quality health care for underserved individuals and communities and to promote fundamental improvements in the health status of all Californians.


The California Wellness Foundation's mission is to improve the health of the people of California by making grants for health promotion, wellness education and disease prevention.


The California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) is the nation's largest state health survey and one of the largest health surveys in the United States.


The UCLA Center for Health Policy Research is one of the nation's leading health policy research centers and the premier source of health-related information on Californians.


For more news, visit the UCLA Newsroom and follow us on Twitter.




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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.




Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-10/uoc--pif103013.php
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EU spying backlash threatens billions in US trade

FILE - This is a Friday, May 18, 2012 file photo of President Barack Obama, right, greets President of the European Commission Jose Manuel Barroso on Barroso's arrival for the G8 Summit at Camp David, Md. The backlash in Europe over U.S. spying is threatening an agreement that generates tens of billions of dollars in trans-Atlantic business every year _ and negotiations on another pact worth many times more. (AP Photo/Charles Dharapak, File)







FILE - This is a Friday, May 18, 2012 file photo of President Barack Obama, right, greets President of the European Commission Jose Manuel Barroso on Barroso's arrival for the G8 Summit at Camp David, Md. The backlash in Europe over U.S. spying is threatening an agreement that generates tens of billions of dollars in trans-Atlantic business every year _ and negotiations on another pact worth many times more. (AP Photo/Charles Dharapak, File)







BRUSSELS (AP) — The backlash in Europe over U.S. spying is threatening an agreement that generates tens of billions of dollars in trans-Atlantic business every year — and negotiations on another pact worth many times more.

A growing number of European officials are calling for the suspension of the "Safe Harbor" agreement that lets U.S. companies process commercial and personal data — sales, emails, photos — from customers in Europe. This little-known but vital deal allows more than 4,200 American companies to do business in Europe, including Internet giants like Apple, Google, Facebook and Amazon.

Revelations of the extent of U.S. spying on its European allies is also threatening to undermine one of President Barack Obama's top trans-Atlantic goals: a sweeping free-trade agreement that would add an estimated $138 billion (100 billion euros) a year to each economy's gross domestic product.

Top EU officials say the trust needed for the negotiations has been shattered.

"For ambitious and complex negotiations to succeed, there needs to be trust among the negotiating partners," EU Justice Commissioner Viviane Reding said Wednesday in a speech at Yale University.

At the very least, the Europeans are expected to demand that the U.S. significantly strengthen its privacy laws to give consumers much more control over how companies use their personal data — and extend those rights to European citizens, maybe even giving them the right to sue American companies in U.S. courts.

The Europeans had long been pressing these issues with the Americans. But since former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden began to leak surprising details on the extent of U.S. surveillance in Europe, the European demands have grown teeth.

"I don't think the U.S. government can be convinced by arguments or outrage alone, but by making it clear that American interests will suffer if this global surveillance is simply continued," said Peter Schaar, the head of Germany's data protection watchdog.

One sanction the European Union could slap on the U.S. would be to suspend the Safe Harbor deal, which allows American businesses to store and process their data where they want. It aims to ensure that European customers' data are just as safe as in Europe when handled in the U.S.

"But if you look at the U.S. legal environment, there is no adequate legal protection for EU citizens," said the European Parliament's leading data protection lawmaker Jan Philipp Albrecht after talks with U.S. officials in Washington.

By signing up for the self-reporting scheme supervised by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, U.S. companies gain the right to move data about their business and consumers back and forth between the EU and the U.S. as needed.

Without it, U.S. firms would face either a lengthy and complicated case-by-case approval procedure by European data protection authorities, or a technological nightmare of having to ensure that European data is stored and processed only on servers within the 28-nation bloc. That would be costly and in some cases impossible — and could force U.S. businesses to stop servicing European customers.

"There is really no viable alternative in the near-term," said Chris Babel, chief executive of San Francisco-based TRUSTe, which helps American firms get Safe Harbor certification from the U.S. Department of Commerce.

He estimates that U.S. companies would face tens of billions of dollars in lost revenue and additional costs to redesign their technological infrastructure.

Facebook declined to comment on what a suspension of Safe Harbor would mean. Microsoft hailed the agreement for establishing "legal certainty" but declined to elaborate. Spokespeople for Google, Apple and Amazon could not immediately be reached.

Of course, any suspension would hurt Europe as well, just as the 28-nation bloc is emerging from a recession. Consumers and businesses would find themselves without U.S.-based services from flight-booking websites to email providers.

Options available to the EU include suspending or ending the agreement, or demanding that the United States enact more powerful data protection laws that include substantial fines for companies that don't keep data safe.

Germany, Europe's biggest economy, said Wednesday that it also wants to see changes in Safe Harbor.

"We share the opinion that the Safe Harbor agreement needs significant improvements," Interior Ministry spokesman Philipp Spauschus said.

U.S. Federal Trade Commission chief Edith Ramirez said Safe Harbor has nothing to do with the surveillance scandal, and urged Europeans not to damage what she called a commercial agreement that works well.

"It cannot be right ... to conflate the distinct issues raised by the use of personal data to advance private commercial interests and to protect national security," she said Monday in Brussels.

But the EU's Reding made clear that the status quo is not an option.

"The existing scheme has been criticized by European industry and questioned by European citizens: They say it is little more than a patch providing a veil of legitimacy for the U.S. firms using it," she said Tuesday in Washington.

Her agency is reviewing Safe Harbor and will present its results by the end of the year. The EU Commission could suspend the agreement or seek amendments to it rather easily, without the usual lengthy procedures of having to seek approval from all EU member states or the European Parliament.

An even bigger battle looms over already contentious free-trade talks between the world's two biggest economies. Trade volume between the United States and the European Union totaled 800 billion euros last year.

Reding warned this week that the lack of data privacy safeguards in the U.S. could "easily derail" the talks, which resume in December and are expected to be concluded within a year.

It appears certain that as part of the negotiations the EU will insist on tougher U.S. data protection in line with new European laws.

That legislation lets users instruct companies to fully erase their personal data — the so-called right to be forgotten — as well as limiting user profiling, requiring greater transparency from companies and mandating prior consent. Plus they contain stiff fines for violations.

"Otherwise, the European Parliament may decide to reject" the EU-U.S. free trade deal, Reding said.

The most significant action taken in Brussels so far has been a vote by the European Parliament urging Europe to stop sharing bank transfer data with U.S. law enforcement in terror investigations.

But that resolution would need approval from the European Commission — and from all 28 national governments, a long and uncertain process.

___

Frank Jordans and Geir Moulson in Berlin and Deb Riechmann in Washington contributed reporting from Berlin.

___

Follow Juergen Baetz on Twitter at http://www.twitter.com/jbaetz

Associated PressSource: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-10-30-NSA%20Backlash/id-4e2f5a2e30fa47f39fbcc0e6ac496623
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Facebook considers tracking your mouse cursor and screen views to improve its ads

It's no secret that Facebook likes its targeted advertising. However, that affinity may soon blossom into a full-fledged love affair. The social network's Ken Rudin tells the Wall Street Journal that his company is testing a system which targets ads based on where users' mouse cursors hover; it can ...


Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/F88mEDiCYkE/
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Rihanna Gets New Henna-Inspired Hand Tattoo, Tattoo Artist Says "She's a Champ": Pictures


Rihanna went to great lengths for her newest ink. The "Pour It Up" singer, 25, flew tattoo artists Keith "Bang Bang" McCurdy and Cally Jo from New York City to the Dominican Republic to cover up the Maori tattoo she got recently in New Zealand, a source confirms to Us Weekly. (E! News was first to report the unusual travel arrangements.)


PHOTOS: Celebs' crazy tattoos


The new tat -- a henna-inspired design on the Barbados-born star's right hand -- "goes over the knuckles and wrist," Bang Bang tells Us. "It was made to complement what was already there. It looks like a henna tattoo, but it's the real deal. She's a champ."


Rihanna with Bang Bang McCurdy and Cally Jo after getting her henna-inspired hand tattoo

Rihanna with Bang Bang McCurdy and Cally Jo after getting her henna-inspired hand tattoo
Credit: Bang Bang NYC



PHOTOS: Celebs' weird body art


Indeed she is. As seen in a video of Rihanna posted to YouTube earlier this month, the "Diamonds" singer first got her hand tattooed with a chisel and mallet in New Zealand. The painful method, known as Ta moko, is traditional to the Maori culture. Rihanna remained silent throughout the process, but her hand was left bloodied and bruised after.


PHOTOS: Rihanna's bikini body


The ink-loving star has several other tattoos, as well. Among them? A trail of stars down the back of her neck, a handgun near her armpit, a falcon on her right foot, the Egyptian goddess Isis on her chest, and her best friend's birthday on her shoulder. 


"I like hanging out in tattoo shops," Rihanna told Atlanta Peach magazine back in 2007. "Sometimes I get dressed and go to the tattoo parlors in SoHo and hang out. I am so intrigued by tattoos. It's an entire culture, and I study it."


Source: http://www.usmagazine.com/celebrity-beauty/news/rihanna-gets-new-henna-inspired-hand-tattoo-tattoo-artist-says-shes-a-champ-pictures-20133010
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EU spying backlash threatens billions in US trade

FILE - This is a Friday, May 18, 2012 file photo of President Barack Obama, right, greets President of the European Commission Jose Manuel Barroso on Barroso's arrival for the G8 Summit at Camp David, Md. The backlash in Europe over U.S. spying is threatening an agreement that generates tens of billions of dollars in trans-Atlantic business every year _ and negotiations on another pact worth many times more. (AP Photo/Charles Dharapak, File)







FILE - This is a Friday, May 18, 2012 file photo of President Barack Obama, right, greets President of the European Commission Jose Manuel Barroso on Barroso's arrival for the G8 Summit at Camp David, Md. The backlash in Europe over U.S. spying is threatening an agreement that generates tens of billions of dollars in trans-Atlantic business every year _ and negotiations on another pact worth many times more. (AP Photo/Charles Dharapak, File)







French President Francois Hollande addresses the media at the European Council building in Brussels, Friday, Oct. 25, 2013. Migration, as well as an upcoming Eastern Partnership summit, will top the agenda in Friday's meeting of EU leaders. (AP Photo/Michel Euler)







(AP) — The backlash in Europe over U.S. spying is threatening an agreement that generates tens of billions of dollars in trans-Atlantic business every year — and negotiations on another pact worth many times more.

A growing number of European officials are calling for the suspension of the "Safe Harbor" agreement that lets U.S. companies process commercial and personal data — sales, emails, photos — from customers in Europe. This little-known but vital deal allows more than 4,200 American companies to do business in Europe, including Internet giants like Apple, Google, Facebook and Amazon.

Revelations of the extent of U.S. spying on its European allies is also threatening to undermine one of President Barack Obama's top trans-Atlantic goals: a sweeping free-trade agreement that would add an estimated $138 billion (100 billion euros) a year to each economy's gross domestic product.

Top EU officials say the trust needed for the negotiations has been shattered.

"For ambitious and complex negotiations to succeed, there needs to be trust among the negotiating partners," EU Justice Commissioner Viviane Reding said Wednesday in a speech at Yale University.

At the very least, the Europeans are expected to demand that the U.S. significantly strengthen its privacy laws to give consumers much more control over how companies use their personal data — and extend those rights to European citizens, maybe even giving them the right to sue American companies in U.S. courts.

The Europeans had long been pressing these issues with the Americans. But since former National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden began to leak surprising details on the extent of U.S. surveillance in Europe, the European demands have grown teeth.

"I don't think the U.S. government can be convinced by arguments or outrage alone, but by making it clear that American interests will suffer if this global surveillance is simply continued," said Peter Schaar, the head of Germany's data protection watchdog.

One sanction the European Union could slap on the U.S. would be to suspend the Safe Harbor deal, which allows American businesses to store and process their data where they want. It aims to ensure that European customers' data are just as safe as in Europe when handled in the U.S.

By signing up for the self-reporting scheme supervised by the U.S. Federal Trade Commission, U.S. companies gain the right to move data about their business and consumers back and forth between the EU and the U.S. as needed.

Without it, U.S. firms would face either a lengthy and complicated case-by-case approval procedure by European data protection authorities, or a technological nightmare of having to ensure that European data is stored and processed only on servers within the 28-nation bloc. That would be costly and in some cases impossible — and could force U.S. businesses to stop servicing European customers.

"There is really no viable alternative in the near-term," said Chris Babel, chief executive of San Francisco-based TRUSTe, which helps American firms get Safe Harbor certification from the U.S. Department of Commerce.

He estimates that U.S. companies would face tens of billions of dollars in lost revenue and additional costs to redesign their technological infrastructure.

Facebook and Microsoft declined to comment on what a suspension of Safe Harbor would mean. Spokespeople for Google, Apple and Amazon could not immediately be reached.

Of course, any suspension would hurt Europe as well, just as the 28-nation bloc is emerging from a recession. Consumers and businesses would find themselves without U.S.-based services from flight-booking websites to email providers.

Options available to the EU include suspending or ending the agreement, or demanding that the United States enact more powerful data protection laws that include substantial fines for companies that don't keep data safe.

Germany, Europe's biggest economy, said Wednesday that it wants to see changes in Safe Harbor.

"We share the opinion that the Safe Harbor agreement needs significant improvements," Interior Ministry spokesman Philipp Spauschus said.

U.S. Federal Trade Commission chief Edith Ramirez said Safe Harbor has nothing to do with the surveillance scandal, and urged Europeans not to damage what she called a commercial agreement that works well.

"It cannot be right ... to conflate the distinct issues raised by the use of personal data to advance private commercial interests and to protect national security," she said Monday in Brussels.

But the EU's Reding made clear that the status quo is not an option.

"The existing scheme has been criticized by European industry and questioned by European citizens: They say it is little more than a patch providing a veil of legitimacy for the U.S. firms using it," she said Tuesday in Washington.

Her agency is reviewing Safe Harbor and will present its results by the end of the year. The EU Commission could suspend the agreement or seek amendments to it rather easily, without the usual lengthy procedures of having to seek approval from all EU member states or the European Parliament.

An even bigger battle looms over already contentious free-trade talks between the world's two biggest economies. Trade volume between the United States and the European Union totaled 800 billion euros last year.

Reding warned this week that the lack of data privacy safeguards in the U.S. could "easily derail" the talks, which resume in December and are expected to be concluded within a year.

It appears certain that as part of the negotiations the EU will insist on tougher U.S. data protection in line with new European laws.

That legislation lets users instruct companies to fully erase their personal data — the so-called right to be forgotten — as well as limiting user profiling, requiring greater transparency from companies and mandating prior consent. Plus they contain stiff fines for violations.

"Otherwise, the European Parliament may decide to reject" the EU-U.S. free trade deal, Reding said.

The most significant action taken in Brussels so far has been a vote by the European Parliament urging Europe to stop sharing bank transfer data with U.S. law enforcement in terror investigations.

But that resolution would need approval from the European Commission — and from all 28 national governments, a long and uncertain process.

___

Frank Jordans and Geir Moulson contributed reporting from Berlin.

___

Follow Juergen Baetz on Twitter at http://www.twitter.com/jbaetz

Associated PressSource: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/cae69a7523db45408eeb2b3a98c0c9c5/Article_2013-10-30-NSA%20Backlash/id-5a5f86a829144263a2f32bee24f0510b
Tags: US News college rankings   the league   Nokia   us open   kobe bryant  

Tagging aquatic animals can disrupt natural behavior

Tagging aquatic animals can disrupt natural behavior


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PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:

31-Oct-2013



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Contact: T. Todd Jones
todd.jones@noaa.gov
808-366-9824
University of British Columbia





American and Canadian researchers have for the first time quantified the energy cost to aquatic animals when they carry satellite tags, video cameras and other research instruments.


Studying fibreglass casts of sea turtles in a wind tunnel, the team found that while most commercially available tags increased drag by less than five per cent for large adult animals in the wild, these same devices increased drag by more than 100 per cent on smaller or juvenile animals.


"Many marine animals make yearlong breeding migrations crossing entire oceans, while others may rely on high speeds and acceleration enabling them to catch prey or to escape predators," says T. Todd Jones, a scientist with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center in Hawaii, who led the study while a doctoral fellow at the University of British Columbia.



"If the drag costs from carrying tags disrupts their natural behaviour, they may miss out on breeding and foraging seasons, be unable to catch enough food, or even end up becoming someone else's meal."


The study, published today in the journal Methods in Ecology and Evolution, also includes a universal formula that allows scientists to calculate drag for a wide range of marine species including turtles, mammals, fish, and diving birds to inform study design.


"In addition to the animal welfare and conservation implications, excessive drag may also impede the collection of research data in the wild," says Jones, whose previous research on leatherback sea turtle physiology has improved conservation practices.


"The guidelines we've developed can help ensure that the data collected accurately reflect the animals' natural behaviours in the wild, so we can devise conservation strategies accordingly."



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Tagging aquatic animals can disrupt natural behavior


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PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:

31-Oct-2013



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Contact: T. Todd Jones
todd.jones@noaa.gov
808-366-9824
University of British Columbia





American and Canadian researchers have for the first time quantified the energy cost to aquatic animals when they carry satellite tags, video cameras and other research instruments.


Studying fibreglass casts of sea turtles in a wind tunnel, the team found that while most commercially available tags increased drag by less than five per cent for large adult animals in the wild, these same devices increased drag by more than 100 per cent on smaller or juvenile animals.


"Many marine animals make yearlong breeding migrations crossing entire oceans, while others may rely on high speeds and acceleration enabling them to catch prey or to escape predators," says T. Todd Jones, a scientist with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center in Hawaii, who led the study while a doctoral fellow at the University of British Columbia.



"If the drag costs from carrying tags disrupts their natural behaviour, they may miss out on breeding and foraging seasons, be unable to catch enough food, or even end up becoming someone else's meal."


The study, published today in the journal Methods in Ecology and Evolution, also includes a universal formula that allows scientists to calculate drag for a wide range of marine species including turtles, mammals, fish, and diving birds to inform study design.


"In addition to the animal welfare and conservation implications, excessive drag may also impede the collection of research data in the wild," says Jones, whose previous research on leatherback sea turtle physiology has improved conservation practices.


"The guidelines we've developed can help ensure that the data collected accurately reflect the animals' natural behaviours in the wild, so we can devise conservation strategies accordingly."



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Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-10/uobc-taa103013.php
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ASUS and Samsung gain wide swaths of tablet market share in Q3


Samsung up to 20 percent of tablet market share, iPad and Windows feeling the hurt


IDC has posted third quarter market share estimates which show that Android tablet makers had an exceptional summer. Samsung jumped more than two points over its Q2 results, claiming 20.4 percent of shipments; ASUS also thrived during the period, moving up from just 4.5 points in the second quarter to 7.4 percent three months later. Both saw big year-over-year gains, although they didn't grow as quickly as up-and-comers like Acer and Lenovo. It's not hard to see why ASUS and Samsung made such large strides -- both the Galaxy Tab 3 line and the new Nexus 7 launched in the summer.


Things weren't quite as rosy for other tablet designers. While Apple was still the top manufacturer, it slipped below 30 percent in market share. IDC hasn't yet broken down shipments by OS, but it notes that the "others" category -- including Amazon, Microsoft and other small players -- shrank slightly to 35.3 points. The field is very likely to change in the fourth quarter between new iPads, the Kindle Fire HDX and Surface sequels. For now, though, it appears that the tablet market is shifting toward the giants of the Android world.




Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/10/30/idc-tablet-share-q3-2013/?ncid=rss_truncated
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বুধবার, ৩০ অক্টোবর, ২০১৩

Cloudera positions Hadoop as an enterprise data hub


Taking note of how customers have been working with its Hadoop distribution, Cloudera has expanded the scope of its software so that it can serve as a hub for all of an organization's data, not just data undergoing Hadoop MapReduce analysis.


Some of Cloudera's enterprise customers have "started to use our platform in a new way, as the center of their data centers," said Mike Olson, Cloudera's chairman and chief strategy officer.


[ Also on InfoWorld: Hadoop is not enough for big data, says Facebook analytics chief. | Harness the power of Hadoop with InfoWorld's 7 top tools for taming big data. | Discover what's new in business applications with InfoWorld's Technology: Applications newsletter. ]


"We think this is a very big deal. It will change the way the industry thinks about data," Olson said.


Cloudera has released a new beta of its commercial distribution, Cloudera Enterprise, that provides tools for managing an organization's data, as well as tools from Cloudera and third parties for data analysis.


Olson announced the beta of Cloudera Enterprise 5 at the O'Reilly Strata-Hadoop World conference, being held this week in New York. 


"It used to be that an organization had lots of balkanized data silos," Olson said. "The stuff that you used to run on a data warehouse because you had no choice, now you can run on the hub."


Putting the data in a Hadoop-based storage repository has many advantages, Olson argued. You can run different types of analytical workloads against the data in the hub. It can easily feed data to other systems, such as content management systems. It can work as an archiving system. 


An enterprise data hub, Olson said, can store data as it is generated, even if the organization isn't sure how the data will be needed. Such data may be valuable later for machine learning analysis or other uses not considered.


An enterprise hub also puts security and governance mechanisms in place to safeguard the data. Cloudera has been working on these tools for several releases, Olson said.


 "Our ambition is to draw more workloads in and make the hub more valuable over time," he said. 


Part of Hadoop's newfound ability to act as a data hub comes from software additions in the latest version of the open-source software, Apache Hadoop 2, on which Cloudera Enterprise is built.


The inclusion of YARN (Yet Another Resource Manager), for instance, allows Hadoop to handle multiple analysis applications, not just those that run on the batch process-oriented MapReduce.


To facilitate the hub, Cloudera has also set up a management framework that third-party analysis applications can plug into. SAS, Revolution Analytics, Syncsort and other organizations have ported some of their software to the platform. Porting analysis software requires that the operations be executed in parallel, as data in Hadoop is typically distributed across multiple nodes, Olson said. 


Cloudera Enterprise 5 also adds the ability to cache HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) contents in the working memory of a server, which can boost query response and data processing times.


The company's Navigator auditor tool now allows analysts and data modelers to search, explore, define and tag datasets. Users can add customized queries to Cloudera's Impala SQL engine. And Cloudera Enterprise 5 can work with the NFS (Network File System) nodes, which should make the process of injecting data into HDFS much easier, Olson said.  


The software also now can take snapshots of the data, providing a backup if the original data is lost or destroyed. 


Joab Jackson covers enterprise software and general technology breaking news for The IDG News Service. Follow Joab on Twitter at @Joab_Jackson. Joab's e-mail address is Joab_Jackson@idg.com.


Source: http://podcasts.infoworld.com/d/business-intelligence/cloudera-positions-hadoop-enterprise-data-hub-229785?source=rss_business_intelligence
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Facebook considers tracking your mouse cursor and screen views to improve its ads


Facebook considers tracking mouse cursors and screen views for targeted ads


It's no secret that Facebook likes its targeted advertising. However, that affinity may soon blossom into a full-fledged love affair. The social network's Ken Rudin tells the Wall Street Journal that his company is testing a system which targets ads based on where users' mouse cursors hover; it can also tell whether or not mobile users see their news feeds. Neither tracking technology is new, but the scale of behavioral data collection would be unprecedented when Facebook has almost 1.2 billion users. Don't be too quick to close your account in protest, though. Rudin notes that there won't be a decision on the technology for another "couple of months," and it may never see the light of day. If you don't like the idea of Facebook monitoring your on-screen habits, we'd suggest making yourself heard.


Source: http://www.engadget.com/2013/10/30/facebook-considers-tracking-mouse-cursors-and-screen-views/?ncid=rss_truncated
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Pakistan Says Drones Killed Far Fewer Civilians Than Thought





A U.S. Predator drone flies over Kandahar Air Field, southern Afghanistan.



Kirsty Wigglesworth/AP


A U.S. Predator drone flies over Kandahar Air Field, southern Afghanistan.


Kirsty Wigglesworth/AP


While human rights groups and other watchdogs have put the civilian death toll in the hundreds, Pakistan's Ministry of Defense announced Wednesday that just 3 percent of the deaths from U.S. drone strikes since 2008 were noncombatants.


The ministry says 317 drone strikes have killed 2,160 Islamic militants and 67 civilians in the last five years.


According to Pakistan's Dawn newspaper, the ministry also says there hasn't been a single civilian death from a U.S. drone since January 2012 — a time period that saw 300 such strikes carried out in Pakistani territory.


Dawn says:




"[This] year has witnessed the lowest number of drone strikes which are 14 as compared to 2010 when the US hit Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas 115 times through drone attacks."




Even so, the strikes have been publicly condemned by Islamabad and were reportedly the subject of discussions last week between Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif and President Obama during the Pakistani leader's visit to Washington.


The Pakistan Defense Ministry's conclusion is similar to one reached by the U.S. Army War College in a report that we wrote about last month. The War College report said 26 militants were killed for every confirmed civilian death, a ratio that comes out to just under 4 percent.


A United Nations expert said earlier this month, however, that at least 400 civilians had been killed since 2004, or about 18 percent of the total 2,200 drone strike deaths.


Source: http://www.npr.org/blogs/thetwo-way/2013/10/30/241853364/pakistan-says-drones-killed-far-fewer-civilians-than-thought?ft=1&f=1001
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Injuries force changes at UFN 32, TUF 18 Finale


The injury bug strike again -- and twice.


UFC announced that Zak Cummings was forced to withdraw from TUF 18 Finale on Nov. 30, and Sean Spencer will take his place inside the Octagon against Brazilian welterweight Sergio Moraes.


Moraes (8-2) is coming off two back-to-back submission victories inside the Octagon, tapping Neil Magny and Renee Forte, after losing to Cezar Ferreira in TUF: Brazil season one finale.


Spencer (10-2) returned to the win column with a unanimous decision victory over Yuri Villefort at UFC Fight Night 28, eight months after a submission loss to Rafael Natal.


TUF 18 Finale features the flyweight championship bout between Demetrious Johnson and Joseph Benavidez in the main event.


UFC’s next event in Brazil, on Nov. 9 in Goiania, will go on with 11 fights, as Johnny Eduardo and Lucas Martins, who were expected to meet in the bantamweight division, got injured during training. Fox Sports’ Mike Chiappetta first reported the news on Wednesday.


After a first-round loss to Edson Barboza in his UFC debut, Martins (14-1) dropped two weight classes and scored consecutive stoppage wins over Jeremy Larsen and Junior Hernandez, both in Brazil, earlier this year.


Eduardo (26-9), a long-time MMA veteran, hasn’t fought since May 2012. After a unanimous decision loss to Raphael Assuncao, the muay thai specialist defeated Jeff Curran at UFC on Fuel TV 3, but injuries forced him to cancel bouts against Michael McDonald and Yves Jabouin.


UFC Fight Night 32 is headlined by the light heavyweight showdown between Vitor Belfort and Dan Henderson.


Source: http://www.mmafighting.com/2013/10/30/5047442/injuries-force-changes-at-ufn-32-tuf-18-finale
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New York's next skyscraper may be a big shiny mistake but I love it

New York's next skyscraper may be a big shiny mistake but I love it

The 1,050-foot-tall MoMA Expansion Tower will start rising on West 53rd Street in 2014—holding 145 luxury condos and 36,000 square feet of museum space. Maybe it's mistake, but not for the reasons you imagine.

Read more...


    
Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/h3MJ8PNOalw/@jesusdiaz
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Time Is Still on Obamacare's Side


Administration officials are saying that healthcare.gov will be “functioning smoothly” by the end of November. And maybe they are right, in which case all the fuss about broken websites will become a historical footnote.



But what if administration officials are wrong? What if it’s December and Obamacare’s official online portals are still barely functional? 





Source: http://www.realclearpolitics.com/2013/10/30/time_is_still_on_obamacare039s_side_318794.html
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Norway town sees winter sun for 1st time




A crowd forms, those in the centre bathing in sunlight, for the official opening of giant sun mirrors in the town of Rjukan, Norway, Wednesday, Oct. 30, 2013. Residents of the small Norwegian town of Rjukan have finally seen the light. Tucked in between steep mountains, the town is normally shrouded in shadow for almost six months a year. But on Wednesday faint rays from the winter sun for the first time reached the market square thanks to three 183-square-foot (17-square-meter) mirrors placed on a mountain. (AP Photo/NTB Scanpix, Terje Bendiksby) NORWAY OUT






STAVANGER, Norway (AP) — Residents of the small Norwegian town of Rjukan have finally seen the light.

Tucked in between steep mountains, the town is normally shrouded in shadow for almost six months a year.

But on Wednesday faint rays from the winter sun for the first time reached the market square thanks to three 183-square-foot (17-square-meter) mirrors placed on a mountain.

Cheering families, some on sun loungers, drinking cocktails and waving Norwegian flags, donned shades as the sun crept from behind a cloud to hit the mirrors and reflect down onto the faces of delighted children below.

The plan to illuminate Rjukan was cooked up 100 years ago by the Norwegian industrialist Sam Eyde, who built the town to provide workers for a hydroelectric plant.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/norway-town-sees-winter-sun-1st-time-124504807.html
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New Texas A&M gene study aimed at enhanced cotton fiber breeding, toolkits

New Texas A&M gene study aimed at enhanced cotton fiber breeding, toolkits


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Contact: Dr. Hongbin Zhang
hbz7049@tamu.edu
979-862-2244
Texas A&M AgriLife Communications



High tech world of genetics expected to advance cotton research



COLLEGE STATION A new study by Texas A&M University cotton researchers and breeders will take advantage of new high-throughput sequencing technology to rapidly advance cotton genetics research and breeding.


Their goal: maintain U.S. cotton's competitiveness in the world cotton market, according to Dr. Hongbin Zhang, professor of plant genomics and systems biology and director of the Laboratory for Plant Genomics and Molecular Genetics in College Station.


The three-year, $500,000 National Institute for Food and Agriculture-funded study, will be conducted by Zhang, along with Dr. Meiping Zhang, Texas A&M AgriLife Research associate research scientist; Dr. C. Wayne Smith, Texas A&M professor of cotton breeding and soil and crop sciences associate department head, and Dr. Steve Hague, associate professor of cotton genetics and breeding in the Texas A&M AgriLife Research Cotton Improvement Lab.


"Cotton is the leading textile fiber and a major bioenergy oilseed crop in Texas and the U.S., with an annual economic impact of about $120 billion in the U.S.," Zhang said.


"In our previous studies, we have already constructed the first genome-wide physical map of Upland cotton, which accounts for more than 90 percent of the cotton in Texas and the U.S." he said. "We are also using the physical map as a platform to sequence the cotton genome."


Also, they previously developed a population of 1,172 recombinant inbred lines that are essential to fine map the cotton genome and genes of economic importance for fiber and oilseed production, Zhang said.


They phenotyped seven of the traits important for fiber quality and yield in 200 of those lines and their parents using three replicated field trials for three years at College Station. The researchers then sequenced and profiled the gene expressions in the developing fibers of those lines, Zhang said.


"Now we want to develop a new and advanced breeding system in cotton, such as gene-based breeding, where we are selecting the target traits based on the genes controlling the traits, gene activities and gene interaction networks."


The long-term goals are to clone the genes that control all major traits of cotton fiber quality and fiber yield, determine their molecular basis and regulation mechanisms, and develop fiber gene-based toolkits, enabling enhanced cotton fiber breeding, he said.


The breeding toolkits to be developed will enhance breeding for all major cotton fiber traits, including fiber yield, lint percent, fiber length, strength, micronaire, uniformity and elongation across the U.S. cotton breeding programs, Zhang said.


This study, he said, will be used to advance research efforts toward cloning and molecular characterization of the genes and trait locations important for fiber quality and yield. Also, the study will develop a "golden" standard genome sequence for Upland cotton from the sequences previously generated by this and other cotton research programs.


Zhang said if they can decipher the molecular basis of cotton fiber quality and yield, a gene-based advanced and efficient cotton breeding program could be developed.


In this new study, the team will further phenotype the 200 lines and parents for the seven major fiber quality and yield component traits in replicated field trials for two years at two additional locations in the U.S. Cotton Belt - Lubbock and Saint Joseph, La. - using the high volume instrument.


This will allow the genetic variation of the traits to be measured accurately and the genes controlling the traits to be mapped reliably, he said.


Zhang said more than 800 fiber samples will be collected from the field trials of the 200 lines. The samples can be phenotyped in five major fiber quality component traits within an eight-hour day using the high volume machine.


Using the Restriction site-Associated DNA sequencing technology that they established in their lab, they will genotype the 200 lines and parents and a panel of 50-100 cotton breeding or germplasm lines widely used in the U.S. cotton breeding programs.


The sequencing and fiber quality and yield data will be analyzed to identify single nucleotide polymorphism, or SNP, markers across the cotton genome, construct a high-density SNP marker map for cotton, map the genes controlling the fiber traits and develop DNA toolkits for enhanced cotton breeding.


Furthermore, since a panel of 50-100 cotton breeding or germplasm lines widely used in the U.S. cotton breeding programs will be sequenced using the same technology, the toolkits developed in the project can be quickly transferred to and used by their and other cotton breeding programs.


When the study is complete, Zhang and his team expect to have a high-density genetic map for cotton that consists of more than 10,000 genomic SNPs and more than 2,000 "10-days past anthesis" fiber expressed gene SNPs, yielding a marker density map four-fold higher than those of existing cotton genetic maps.


The resultant genetic map of this project will be combined with the physical map and genome sequence of cotton previously developed, he said. Together, these are expected to provide comprehensive and integrated platforms and tools for advanced cotton genetics research and enhanced cotton breeding.


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New Texas A&M gene study aimed at enhanced cotton fiber breeding, toolkits


[ Back to EurekAlert! ]

PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:

29-Oct-2013



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Contact: Dr. Hongbin Zhang
hbz7049@tamu.edu
979-862-2244
Texas A&M AgriLife Communications



High tech world of genetics expected to advance cotton research



COLLEGE STATION A new study by Texas A&M University cotton researchers and breeders will take advantage of new high-throughput sequencing technology to rapidly advance cotton genetics research and breeding.


Their goal: maintain U.S. cotton's competitiveness in the world cotton market, according to Dr. Hongbin Zhang, professor of plant genomics and systems biology and director of the Laboratory for Plant Genomics and Molecular Genetics in College Station.


The three-year, $500,000 National Institute for Food and Agriculture-funded study, will be conducted by Zhang, along with Dr. Meiping Zhang, Texas A&M AgriLife Research associate research scientist; Dr. C. Wayne Smith, Texas A&M professor of cotton breeding and soil and crop sciences associate department head, and Dr. Steve Hague, associate professor of cotton genetics and breeding in the Texas A&M AgriLife Research Cotton Improvement Lab.


"Cotton is the leading textile fiber and a major bioenergy oilseed crop in Texas and the U.S., with an annual economic impact of about $120 billion in the U.S.," Zhang said.


"In our previous studies, we have already constructed the first genome-wide physical map of Upland cotton, which accounts for more than 90 percent of the cotton in Texas and the U.S." he said. "We are also using the physical map as a platform to sequence the cotton genome."


Also, they previously developed a population of 1,172 recombinant inbred lines that are essential to fine map the cotton genome and genes of economic importance for fiber and oilseed production, Zhang said.


They phenotyped seven of the traits important for fiber quality and yield in 200 of those lines and their parents using three replicated field trials for three years at College Station. The researchers then sequenced and profiled the gene expressions in the developing fibers of those lines, Zhang said.


"Now we want to develop a new and advanced breeding system in cotton, such as gene-based breeding, where we are selecting the target traits based on the genes controlling the traits, gene activities and gene interaction networks."


The long-term goals are to clone the genes that control all major traits of cotton fiber quality and fiber yield, determine their molecular basis and regulation mechanisms, and develop fiber gene-based toolkits, enabling enhanced cotton fiber breeding, he said.


The breeding toolkits to be developed will enhance breeding for all major cotton fiber traits, including fiber yield, lint percent, fiber length, strength, micronaire, uniformity and elongation across the U.S. cotton breeding programs, Zhang said.


This study, he said, will be used to advance research efforts toward cloning and molecular characterization of the genes and trait locations important for fiber quality and yield. Also, the study will develop a "golden" standard genome sequence for Upland cotton from the sequences previously generated by this and other cotton research programs.


Zhang said if they can decipher the molecular basis of cotton fiber quality and yield, a gene-based advanced and efficient cotton breeding program could be developed.


In this new study, the team will further phenotype the 200 lines and parents for the seven major fiber quality and yield component traits in replicated field trials for two years at two additional locations in the U.S. Cotton Belt - Lubbock and Saint Joseph, La. - using the high volume instrument.


This will allow the genetic variation of the traits to be measured accurately and the genes controlling the traits to be mapped reliably, he said.


Zhang said more than 800 fiber samples will be collected from the field trials of the 200 lines. The samples can be phenotyped in five major fiber quality component traits within an eight-hour day using the high volume machine.


Using the Restriction site-Associated DNA sequencing technology that they established in their lab, they will genotype the 200 lines and parents and a panel of 50-100 cotton breeding or germplasm lines widely used in the U.S. cotton breeding programs.


The sequencing and fiber quality and yield data will be analyzed to identify single nucleotide polymorphism, or SNP, markers across the cotton genome, construct a high-density SNP marker map for cotton, map the genes controlling the fiber traits and develop DNA toolkits for enhanced cotton breeding.


Furthermore, since a panel of 50-100 cotton breeding or germplasm lines widely used in the U.S. cotton breeding programs will be sequenced using the same technology, the toolkits developed in the project can be quickly transferred to and used by their and other cotton breeding programs.


When the study is complete, Zhang and his team expect to have a high-density genetic map for cotton that consists of more than 10,000 genomic SNPs and more than 2,000 "10-days past anthesis" fiber expressed gene SNPs, yielding a marker density map four-fold higher than those of existing cotton genetic maps.


The resultant genetic map of this project will be combined with the physical map and genome sequence of cotton previously developed, he said. Together, these are expected to provide comprehensive and integrated platforms and tools for advanced cotton genetics research and enhanced cotton breeding.


###


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Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-10/taac-nta102913.php
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